Damage to homes caused by burst piping can be expensive to repair. By the time the leak is discovered, hundreds of gallons of water may have already flooded the home. Automatic shutoff valves can prevent extensive water damage from plumbing failures. The valves contain sensors that cut off water flow in the event of a leak, thereby preventing flooding.

There are two types of automatic shutoff valves. Whole house systems are designed to turn off the water near the service valve to prevent water flow throughout the home once a leak is detected. Other systems are designed to shut off flow to one appliance such as a washing machine, dishwasher, or ice machine.

Each type of valve uses a sensing device to determine the presence of a leak. These sensing devices can be an integral component of the plumbing system and are wired directly or wirelessly to communicate with the shutoff valve. One type of sensor is placed in an area where a leak may occur; for instance, on the floor beside a washing machine. Other sensing devices may measure the rate or duration of water flow, or detect the operation of the appliance to activate the valve.